PSA 6.6 — Storage Tanks: API 650 Annex P, the Shell Bulge, and Settlement You Cannot Design Away
A 40 m diameter product tank, 25 mm bottom course, 14 m of product at SG 0.85. A 12″ line leaves a nozzle 1.0 m above the floor and runs 6 m to its first support.
Two things will happen to that nozzle, and both are normal.
One: the tank will settle. Fifty millimetres over its life is unremarkable and well inside what API 653 tolerates.
Two: every time the tank fills, the shell bulges outward and the nozzle tilts — because the floor holds the bottom of the shell and the hydrostatic head pushes the rest of it out.…
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